【用所给短语的适当形式填空.】在英语学习中，掌握短语动词的正确形式是提高语言运用能力的重要环节。通过练习“用所给短语的适当形式填空”，学生不仅能加深对短语动词的理解，还能提升语法和句型运用的能力。以下是对常见短语动词的总结及示例表格，帮助学习者更好地掌握其用法。
一、
在英语中，许多动词常与介词或副词搭配使用，形成固定搭配，称为“短语动词”（phrasal verbs）。这些短语动词通常具有特定的含义，不能简单地从字面意思理解。例如，“look after”表示“照顾”，而不是“看后面”。
在做“用所给短语的适当形式填空”的题目时，需要注意以下几个方面：
1. 时态变化：根据句子的时态，选择正确的动词形式，如一般现在时、过去时、现在完成时等。
2. 主谓一致：注意主语和动词的单复数一致。
3. 宾语位置：有些短语动词可以带宾语，而有些则不能，需注意宾语的位置。
4. 介词或副词的使用：部分短语动词需要加介词，部分则不需要，需根据固定搭配判断。
掌握这些规则后，学生可以通过大量练习来巩固知识，提升语言综合运用能力。
二、常用短语动词及填空示例（表格）
| 短语动词 | 原形 | 过去式 | 现在分词 | 示例句子（填空形式） |
| look after | look after | looked after | looking after | She ______ her little brother every day. (look after) |
| take off | take off | took off | taking off | The plane ______ at 8 a.m. yesterday. (take off) |
| give up | give up | gave up | giving up | He decided to ______ smoking last year. (give up) |
| run into | run into | ran into | running into | I ______ an old friend in the street. (run into) |
| put on | put on | put on | putting on | She ______ her coat before going out. (put on) |
| break down | break down | broke down | breaking down | The car ______ on the way to the park. (break down) |
| get along with | get along with | got along with | getting along with | They ______ well with their neighbors. (get along with) |
| turn off | turn off | turned off | turning off | Please ______ the lights before leaving. (turn off) |
| set up | set up | set up | setting up | They ______ a new company last year. (set up) |
| call off | call off | called off | calling off | The meeting was ______ due to bad weather. (call off) |
三、学习建议
- 多读多练：通过阅读和写作不断接触短语动词，增强语感。
- 制作笔记：将常见的短语动词整理成笔记，标注不同形式及例句。
- 结合语境记忆：通过实际语境理解短语动词的含义和用法，避免死记硬背。
- 定期复习：定期回顾已学内容，巩固记忆，防止遗忘。
通过系统的学习和练习，学生能够更灵活地运用短语动词，提高英语表达的准确性和自然度。
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