在英语语法中，时态的使用对于准确表达时间关系至关重要。其中，“过去将来完成进行时”是一个较为复杂的时态结构，常用于描述在过去某一时间点之前，某动作已经持续进行了一段时间，并且可能还在继续。为了帮助学习者更好地掌握这一时态，下面提供一些相关的练习题。
一、什么是过去将来完成进行时？
过去将来完成进行时的结构为：was/were + going to + have been + 动词-ing
或者也可以表示为：was/were + about to + have been + 动词-ing（较少使用）
这个时态用来描述在过去某个时间点之前，某人一直在做某事，并且可能会继续下去。它强调的是动作的持续性和延续性。
例如：
- At 8 o’clock yesterday, she was going to have been working for three hours.
（昨天早上八点时，她已经连续工作了三个小时。）
二、练习题
1. 选择正确的时态填空：
1. By the time we arrived at the station, the train ______ (already / leave).
A) had already left
B) had already been leaving
C) was already leaving
D) had already been gone
2. She ______ (not finish) her homework by 9 PM last night.
A) hadn’t finished
B) hadn’t been finishing
C) hadn’t been finished
D) hadn’t been finishing
3. When I called him, he ______ (work) on his project for five hours.
A) had worked
B) had been working
C) had been worked
D) was working
4. They ______ (not arrive) by the time we got there.
A) hadn’t arrived
B) hadn’t been arriving
C) hadn’t been arrived
D) hadn’t been arriving
5. By next July, I ______ (live) in this city for ten years.
A) will have lived
B) will have been living
C) will be living
D) would have been living
2. 改写句子（用过去将来完成进行时）：
1. He started studying English two years ago.
→ By last year, he ______ (study) English for two years.
2. We began our journey at 7 a.m.
→ By 10 a.m., we ______ (travel) for three hours.
3. The meeting started at 3 p.m.
→ By 6 p.m., the meeting ______ (last) for three hours.
4. She started writing the report at 2 p.m.
→ By 5 p.m., she ______ (write) the report for three hours.
5. They began their trip last week.
→ By this week, they ______ (travel) for seven days.
3. 翻译练习：
1. 到昨晚十点为止，他已经在公司工作了八个小时。
→ By 10 p.m. last night, he ______ (work) in the company for eight hours.
2. 昨天下午五点，他们已经等了两个小时。
→ By 5 p.m. yesterday, they ______ (wait) for two hours.
3. 到下个月底，我将在这里住满一年。
→ By the end of next month, I ______ (live) here for one year.
4. 当我们到达时，他已经等了半小时。
→ When we arrived, he ______ (wait) for half an hour.
5. 到今天为止，我已经写了三封信。
→ By today, I ______ (write) three letters.
三、答案与解析
1. 选择题答案：
1. A
2. B
3. B
4. A
5. B
2. 改写句子答案：
1. had been studying
2. had been traveling
3. had been lasting
4. had been writing
5. had been traveling
3. 翻译练习答案：
1. had been working
2. had been waiting
3. will have been living
4. had been waiting
5. had been writing
通过这些练习题，可以加深对“过去将来完成进行时”的理解，并提高在实际语境中的运用能力。建议多做类似的题目，并结合例句进行分析，以达到熟练掌握的效果。
